Establishment of Azoxymethane (AOM) and Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS,Colitis Grade) Induced Colitis-Associated Cancer Model

Establishment of Azoxymethane (AOM) and Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS,Colitis Grade) Induced Colitis-Associated Cancer Model

Colitis associated cancer (CAC) is the third most common malignant tumor in the world, with morbidity and mortality second to gastric and liver cancer[1], Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) can increase one’s likelihood of developing colorectal cancer. The combination of AOM and DSS has gained popularity due to its reproducibility, potency, low cost and ease of use. This article highlights a protocol for DSS-AOM model creation to study the oncogenesis of CACs.

Animal Model

BALB/c mice (7 weeks old, male)

Material

DSS(Yeasen#60316ES,MW36000-50000)、AOM（Yeasen#60751ES）

Solution Preparation

DSS-supplemented drinking water:Use sterile water to prepare 1-3% DSS solution.Store at 4 °C until use.

AOM Solution:Dissolve AOM in WFI to obtain a 10 mg/mL stock solution. Aliquot and freeze at -20 °C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. On the day of use, thaw aliquot and dilute 1/10 with sterile saline.

Protocol

  • On day 1, weigh and mark mice.Inject mice intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg AOM solution.
  • Fill the drinking supply of the mouse cages with water.Calculate 7-10 mL water per mouse per day. Feeding for one week.
  • Replace drinking water with 2.5% DSS for one week;
  • Feed with regular drinking water for twoweeks;
  • Repeat steps 3-4 for 3 times.

Fig1. AOM/DSS colorectal cancer modeling protocol

Results of a successful CAC model

Weight loss with DSS treatment

Fig 2. The change in body weight of mice

2、Diarrheascore and Bleeding score

Fig 3. Diarrhea score and Bleeding score

3、Tumor formation in mouse colons

Fig 4. The representative whole colons and number of colon cancer

Fig 5. The protein expressions of COX-2, IL-6,β-catenin, and snail in acute colitis and azoxymethane (AOM)/DSS-induced colorectal cancer mouse models (A) Colon sections were stained with H&E and the indicated antibodies (B) The protein expression was examined by Western blot with the indicated antibodies after lysing colon tissues from two mice of each group, and β-tubulin was used as loading control[2].

Links to this resource

[1]Qun Wang,et al.Safflower Polysaccharide Inhibits AOM/DSS-Induced Mice Colorectal Cancer Through the Regulation of Macrophage Polarization[J].Frontiers in Pharmacology.2021.761641

[2]Jia-Rong Huang,et al.Piperlongumine Alleviates Mouse Colitis and Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer[J].Frontiers in Pharmacology.2020.586885

Successful case for modeling with Yeasen DSS

Yeasen provides high-quality DSS (Cat#60316ES): purity (98%), sulfur content 17-19%, free sulfur <0.2%, supported by a large number of literature data.

Table 1 Construction of different types of enteritis models with DSS

Model

Modeling samples

Modeling plan

Modeling results

Use evaluation

acute colitis

BALB/c mice, female, 6-8 weeks, 25 g

3%-5% DSS drink freely for 7 consecutive days

Day 5 appeared, the length of the colon was shortened, HE staining, and the inflammation was obvious

molding speed is fast and the time is short. Consistent with the characteristics of acute colitis model

C57BL/6 mice, male, 8 weeks, 20 g

3%-5% DSS by gavage, continuous administration

Day 5 occurs, colon shortening, weight loss, blood in the stool, diarrhea

High mold rate and short duration. Consistent with the characteristics of acute colitis model

chronic colitis

C57BL/6 mouse, male, 8 weeks, 22 g

1-2% DSS by gavage, continuous administration

Day40 appears, colon shortening, weight loss, blood in the stool, diarrhea

High molding rate . Consistent with the characteristics of the chronic colitis model

colon cancer

C57BL/6 mouse, male, 8 weeks, 21 g

1%-2% DSS ad libitum for 5 days for 3 weeks

14 weeks with shortened colon length, weight loss, HE staining, and obvious inflammation

High molding rate . Consistent with colon cancer model characteristics
 

Product order

Hot-selling product only needs 1/3 of the price of M* with same efficiency，and we keep a large stock.

Product Name

Article Number

Specification

Dextran Sulfate Sodium Salt (DSS), Colitis Grade MW:36000~50000

60316ES25/60/76/80

25 g/100 g/500 g/1 kg

Azoxymethane (AOM)

60751ES03/08/10

1 mg/5 mg/10 mg

MolPure® Stool DNA Kit

18820ES08/50/70

5 T/50 T/200 T

MolPure® Mag48 Soil/Stool DNA Kit FA

18528ES48

48 T

MolPure®Mag Soil/Stool DNA Kit

18526ES20/50/70

20 T/50 T/200 T

Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining Kit

60524ES60

2×100 mL

Urine Fecal Occult Blood Test Kit

60403ES60

100T

Alcian Blue Periodic Acid-Schiff (AB-PAS) Staining Solution

60534ES50/60

6×50 mL/6×100 mL/

 

Published articles with our reagents

  1. Zhong D, Jin K, Wang R, ,et al. Microalgae-Based Hydrogel for Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Its Associated Anxiety and Depression. Adv Mater. 2024 Jan 26:e2312275. doi: 10.1002/adma.202312275. IF=29.4
  2. Zhang Y, Tu S, Ji X, Wu J, Meng J, Gao J, Shao X, Shi S, Wang G, Qiu J, Zhang Z, Hua C, Zhang Z, Chen S, Zhang L, Zhu SJ. Dubosiella newyorkensis modulates immune tolerance in colitis via the L-lysine-activated AhR-IDO1-Kyn pathway. Nat Commun. 2024 Feb 13;15(1):1333. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-45636-x.IF= 16.6
  3. Li Zhao, Fei Wang,Zhengwei Cai,et al.Improving drug utilization platform with injectable mucoadhesive hydrogel for treating ulcerative colitis[J].chemical engineering journal.424(2021)130464.IF=16.744
  4. Lingjun Tong, Haining Hao, Zhe Zhang,et al.Milk-derived extracellular vesicles alleviate ulcerative colitis by regulating the gut immunity and reshaping the gut microbiota[J].Theranostics.2021; 11(17): 8570-8586 IF=11.556
  5. Li, Y., Dong, J., Xiao, H., Zhang, S., Wang, B., Cui, M., & Fan, S. Gut commensal derived-valeric acid protects against radiation injuries. Gut Microbes,.2020 .1–18.IF=10.245
  6. Jingjing Gan, Yuxiao Liu, Lingyu Sun,et al.Orally administrated nucleotide-delivery particles from microfluidics for inflammatory bowel disease treatment[J].Applied Materials Today.2021 Dec;25:101231 IF=10.041
  7. Mengmeng Xu, Ying Kong, Nannan Chen,et al.Identification of Immune-Related Gene Signature and Prediction of CeRNA Network in Active Ulcerative Colitis[J].Frontiers in Immunology.2022; 13: 855645.IF=7.561
  8. JialiDong,YuanLi,HuiwenXiao,et al.Oral microbiota affects the efficacy and prognosis of radiotherapy for colorectal cancer in mouse models[J].Cell reports.2021, 109886.IF=9.423
  9. Hao H,  Zhang X,  Tong L,  Liu Q,et al.Lactobacillus plantarumEffect of Extracellular Vesicles Derived From  Q7 on Gut Microbiota and Ulcerative Colitis in Mice[J].Frontiers in Immunology.2021.777147 .IF=7.561
  10. Yaohua Fan,Yanqun Fan,Kunfeng Liu,et al.Edible Bird’s Nest Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in C57BL/6J Mice by Restoring the Th17/Treg Cell Balance[J].Frontiers in Pharmacology.2021.632602.IF=7.561
  11. Jia-Rong Huang, Sheng-Te Wang, Meng-Ning Wei,et al.Piperlongumine Alleviates Mouse Colitis and Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer[J].Frontiers in Pharmacology.2020.586885.IF=7.561
  12. Gao X, Fan W, Tan L, et al. Soy isoflavones ameliorate experimental colitis by targeting ERα/NLRP3 inflammasome pathways[J]. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 2020, 83.IF=6.048
  13. Lujuan Xing, Lijuan Fu, Songmin Cao,et al.The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Bovine Bone-Gelatin-Derived Peptides in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages Cells and Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced C57BL/6 Mice[J]. Nutrients 2022, 14, 1479. IF=5.717
  14. Wang S,  Huang J,  Tan KS, et al.Isosteviol Sodium Ameliorates Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Chronic Colitis through the Regulation of Metabolic Profiling, Macrophage Polarization, and NF-B Pathway[J].Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2022,4636618. IF=5.076

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