Description
Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D), also known as c-fos-induced growth factor (FIGF), is a secreted glycoprotein of the VEGF/PDGF family. VEGFs regulate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during development and tumor growth, and are characterized by eight conserved cysteine residues that form a cystine knot structure. VEGF-C and VEGF-D, which share 23% amino acid (aa) sequence identity, are uniquely expressed as preproproteins that contain long N- and Cterminal propeptide extensions around the VEGF homology domain (VHD). Proteolytic processing of the 354 aa VEGF-D preproprotein creates a secreted proprotein. Further processing by extracellular serine proteases, such as plasmin or furin-like proprotein convertases, forms mature VEGF-D consisting of noncovalently linked 42 kDa homodimers of the 117 aa VHD. Mature human VEGF-D shares 94%, 95%, 99%, 97% and 93% aa identity with mouse, rat, equine, canine and bovine VEGF-D, respectively. It is expressed in adult lung, heart, muscle, and small intestine, and is most abundantly expressed in fetal lungs and skin. Mouse and human VEGF-D are ligands for VEGF Receptor 3 (VEGF R3, also called Flt-4) that are active across species and show enhanced affinity when processed. Processed human VEGF-D is also a ligand for VEGF R2, also called Flk-1 or KDR. VEGF R3 is strongly expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells and is essential for regulation of the growth and differentiation of lymphatic endothelium. While VEGF-C is the critical ligand for VEGF R3 during embryonic lymphatic development, VEGF-D is most active in neonatal lymphatic maturation and bone growth. Both promote tumor lymphangiogenesis .
Product Properties
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Synonyms |
c-fos induced growth factor (vascular endothelial growth factor D); FIGF; vascular endothelial growth factor D; VEGFD; VEGF-D; VEGF-DVEGFDc-Fos-induced growth factor |
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Accession |
O43915 |
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Source |
HEK293 Cells-derived human VEGFD, Phe 93-Ser 201 with His tag at the C-terminus |
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Molecular Weight |
The recombinant mature form of human VEGFD consists of 120 amino acids and has a predicted molecular mass of 13.6 kDa. In SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions, it migrates with an apparent molecular mass of 20-22 kDa due to glycosylation. |
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Tag |
His |
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Purity |
> 95% by SDS-PAGE. |
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Biological Activity |
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The ED50 for this effect is 0.31.6 μg/mL. |
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Endotoxin |
< 1.0 EU per 1μg of the protein by the LAL method. |
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Formulation |
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4. |
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Reconstitution |
We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1% BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20°C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions. |
Shipping and Storage
The products are shipped with ice pack and can be stored at -20℃ to -80℃ for 1 year.
Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities when first used and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Cautions
1.Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
2.For your safety and health, please wear lab coats and disposable gloves for operation.
3.For research use only.